In the special environment of space, seeds and plants will undergo some changes. First, high-energy solar particles and cosmic rays can damage the genetic material of the seeds themselves, causing genetic mutations or chromosomal aberrations, and mutations can be passed on to future generations. In addition, the low gravity environment of space may also cause some changes in the seeds.
Plants that germinate and grow in microgravity have phone database changes in both cell shape and the organization of the cells themselves. In most cases, Chinese scientists first send the seeds to space, and then bring them back to Earth to grow and germinate. The seedlings are then screened to find plants with useful traits that outperform conventional varieties to breed. Chinese scientists are looking for genetic variants that allow crops to produce larger fruits, reduce water requirements,
have better nutritional structure, resist high and low temperatures, and resist pests and diseases. In some cases, rare genetic mutations can lead to big breakthroughs in crop yield or disaster resistance. After researchers find the most promising plants, they will further cultivate them until they finally develop an improved variety that can meet the needs of farmers and has obvious effects.